The Liability System
Facts + Statistics
DEFENSE COSTS AND COST CONTAINMENT EXPENSES AS A PERCENT OF INCURRED LOSSES, 2009-2011 (1)
herer($000)
| 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amount | As a percent of incurred losses |
Amount | As a percent of incurred losses |
Amount | As a percent of incurred losses |
|
| Products liability | $1,029,911 | 86.2% | $895,591 | 57.0% | $1,140,722 | 73.4% |
| Medical malpractice | 1,886,557 | 57.2 | 1,809,027 | 61.4 | 1,795,637 | 57.6 |
| Commercial multiple peril (2) | 1,799,507 | 43.7 | 1,880,945 | 44.7 | 1,897,812 | 37.6 |
| Other liability | 5,174,214 | 24.8 | 5,289,524 | 25.6 | 4,456,024 | 25.3 |
| Workers compensation | 2,407,144 | 10.8 | 2,492,866 | 11.2 | 3,089,083 | 12.7 |
| Commercial auto liability | 963,574 | 10.3 | 929,063 | 10.6 | 961,042 | 10.3 |
| Private passenger auto liability | 3,928,788 | 6.3 | 3,946,431 | 6.2 | 3,959,017 | 6.2 |
| All liability lines | $17,189,695 | 13.9% | $17,243,447 | 13.8% | $17,299,337 | 13.8% |
(1) Net of reinsurance, excluding state funds.
(2) Liability portion only.
Source: SNL Financial LC.
COST OF U.S. TORT SYSTEM, 1990-2010
U.S. FIRMS EXPERIENCING A LOSS OF $5 MILLION OR MORE, 2003-2007 (1)
GROWTH OF TORT COSTS, 1951-2007
| Years | Average annual change in tort system costs |
|---|---|
| 1951-1960 | 11.6% |
| 1961-1970 | 9.8 |
| 1971-1980 | 11.9 |
| 1981-1990 | 11.8 |
| 1991-2000 | 3.2 |
| 2001 | 14.7 |
| 2002 | 13.4 |
| 2003 | 5.5 |
| 2004 | 6.0 |
| 2005 | 0.4 |
| 2006 | -5.6 |
| 2007 | 2.1 |
| 57 years (1950-2007) | 9.0% |
U.S. AVERAGE EXCESS LIABILITY LIMITS RELATIVE TO LOSS EXPERIENCE, 2004-2008
CASUALTY COST OF RISK PER $1,000 OF REVENUE, 2006-2007
TYPES OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS LIABILITY CLAIMS, 2003-2012 (1)
DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS LIABILITY CLAIMS BY TYPE OF CLAIMANT IN THE UNITED STATES, 2003-2012 (1)
DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS LIABILITY CLAIMS BY BUSINESS OWNERSHIP, 2002-2011 (1)
TRENDS IN EMPLOYMENT PRACTICES LIABILITY, 2005-2011
| Year | Median (midpoint) award | Probability range (1) |
|---|---|---|
| 2005 | $179,750 | $47,445-$500,000 |
| 2006 | 150,000 | 50,000-461,937 |
| 2007 | 175,082 | 53,300-650,648 |
| 2008 | 244,000 | 65,000-674,191 |
| 2009 | 207,235 | 60,000-600,281 |
| 2010 | 172,500 | 50,000-388,750 |
| 2011 | 325,000 | 105,500-621,000 |
(1) The middle 50 percent of all awards arranged in ascending order in a sampling, 25 percent above and below the median award.
Source: Thomson Reuters.
PREVALENCE OF EMPLOYMENT PRACTICES LIABILITY (EPL) COVERAGE BY OWNERSHIP, 2008
| No EPL | Stand-alone EPL | D&O with EPL | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nonprofit | 17% | 4% | 79% |
| Private | 17 | 36 | 47 |
| Public | 8 | 22 | 70 |
Source: 2008 Directors and Officers Liability Survey, Towers Watson.
POST-REFORM ACT SETTLEMENTS OF SECURITIES LAWSUITS, 1996-2012 (1)
| 1996-2011 | 2012 | |
|---|---|---|
| Minimum | $0.1 million | $0.5 million |
| Median | 8.3 million | 10.2 million |
| Average | 55.2 million | 54.7 million |
| Maximum | 8.3 billion | 822.6 million |
| Total settlements | $70.2 billion | $2.9 billion |
(1) Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995; adjusted for inflation.
Source: Cornerstone Research.
